Titanium helps perovskite solar cells do a lead detox
Over the last few years, perovskite has proven itself to be a promising material for photovoltaic solar cells, but it's not without its problems. Now, a team from Brown University and the University of Nebraska–Lincoln (UNL) has found a way to helps solve at least one of those issues, removing toxic lead from the device by substituting in titanium. Perovskite earns its place in solar cells thanks to being cheaper to manufacture, more durable and more flexible than silicon, which is normally used. Originally, the material's major downside was its inefficiency in converting sunlight to electricity, but that has improved over the years, from less than four percent in 2009 to multi-layer designs boasting 26 percent efficiency by late 2016. But efficiency isn't the only area with room for improvement. To be safe for commercial use, perovskite solar cells need to ditch the lead content that most of them contain. "One of the big thrusts in perovskite research is to get away from lead-based materials and find new materials that are non-toxic and more stable," says Nitin Padture, senior author on the study. "Using computer simulations, our theoretician collaborators at UNL predicted that a class of perovskites with cesium, titanium and a halogen component (bromine or/and iodine) was a good candidate. The next step was to actually make a solar cell using that material and test its properties, and that's what we've done here." Rather than replace silicon immediately, the transition is likely to be smoother if perovskite teams up with silicon in a tandem solar cell. In these designs, a layer of perovskite sits on top of a layer of silicon, and the two work together to convert more photons into electricity than either can alone. That's because perovskite is semi-transparent, allowing some photons to pass through to the silicon layer underneath. "Tandem cells are the low-hanging fruit when it comes to perovskites," says Padture. "We're not looking to replace existing silicon technology just yet, but instead we're looking to boost it. So if you can make a lead-free tandem cell that's stable, then that's a winner. This new material looks like a good candidate." In their new tandem design, the researchers made titanium-perovskite films with a relatively large bandgap of 1.8 electron volts. That means the material can absorb higher-energy photons from sunlight, letting the lower energy photons filter down to the silicon layer and be absorbed there. This isn't the first time researchers have looked for a lead alternative, but in this case, the team says its design is more rust-resistant and can provide a higher total voltage than other materials being explored. Currently, the titanium-perovskite cell only has an efficiency of 3.3 percent, which is far lower than silicon or even other perovskite designs. But the researchers say this isn't a bad figure for a first attempt with a new material, and there's plenty more that can be done to improve it. The research was published in the journal Joule. Source: Brown University
- 最近发表
- 随机阅读
-
- 热浪来袭 科学应对防中暑
- 微粒贷还清之后再借查征信吗(微粒贷还清后再借会查征信吗)
- 苹果手机怎么删除qq聊天记录怎么办(苹果5手机的qq聊天记录怎么删除)
- 支付宝基金卖出按哪天净值计算(支付宝基金卖出按哪天净值算)
- CrowdStrike outage is still causing hundreds of flight cancellations daily
- Empty reply from server
- 今日什么都不想说的人《一个人什么都不想说的句子》
- 为什么苹果手机问题那么多?为什么app store打不开?
- “新丰味”喜获中国首届县域品牌擂台赛十大营销创新品牌
- 招商能延迟几天还款(招商贷款最迟可以延迟多少天还款)
- 苹果home键需要贴按键膜吗(苹果手机要买按键贴吗)
- 场内etf基金有经理吗(场内etf基金有分红吗)
- [Graphic News] Average book price nears 20,000 won
- 车贷还完了去哪里查询(车贷还完了去哪里拿绿本)
- 诺基亚5320xpressmusic(诺基亚5320 XpressMusic青岛地区价格)
- 什么叫教育性质(什么叫教育年金险)
- Sinner vs. Michelsen 2024 livestream: Watch US Open for free
- 年利率18.25借一千(借款年利息18.25%高吗)
- 苹果手机软件自动弹出怎么解决(苹果手机有些软件怎么进去就自动弹出来上不上去是怎么回事)
- 苹果手机怎么删除qq聊天记录怎么办(苹果5手机的qq聊天记录怎么删除)
- 搜索
-
- 友情链接
-